diff --git a/source/cache/cache_files.c b/source/cache/cache_files.c
index 4c62ee1b..91c488c6 100644
--- a/source/cache/cache_files.c
+++ b/source/cache/cache_files.c
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ symbols in this file:
 #include "interface/ui_widget.h"
 #include "scenario/scenario_definitions.h"
 #include "sound/sound_manager.h"
+#include "models/models.h"
 #include "tag_schema.h"
 #include "custom_edition_cache.h" /* port: port/linux/game/custom_edition_cache.c */
 #include "cache_file_formats.h" /* port: CUSTOM_EDITION_TAG_CACHE_BYTES */
@@ -1270,6 +1271,9 @@ long scenario_tags_load(
 
 				pal_tags_loaded(cache_file_globals.header.build);
 			}
+			/* The two powerups' authored render spheres can be smaller than
+			 * their rigid meshes. Derive their bounds while tags are writable. */
+			models_fix_powerup_render_bounds();
 			/* port: the menus' tags, added to the map's (port/linux/game/menu_tags.c) */
 			{
 				extern void menu_tags_loaded(char const *map_name);
diff --git a/source/models/models.c b/source/models/models.c
index f087bf87..3e7ba1e5 100644
--- a/source/models/models.c
+++ b/source/models/models.c
@@ -83,6 +83,10 @@ symbols in this file:
 #include "shaders/shaders.h"
 #include "rasterizer/rasterizer_console_vars.h"
 #include "rasterizer/rasterizer_model_types.h"
+#include "cache/cache_files.h"
+#include "items/equipment_definitions.h"
+#include <float.h>
+#include <xtl.h>
 
 /* ---------- constants */
 
@@ -458,6 +462,82 @@ static void render_model_parts(
 
 /* ---------- public code */
 
+static boolean model_rigid_render_radius(
+	struct model const *model,
+	real_point3d const *center,
+	real *radius)
+{
+	struct model_node const *root;
+	real maximum_squared = 0.0f;
+	long geometry_index, vertex_count = 0;
+	if (model->nodes.count != 1 || !model->nodes.address ||
+		model->geometries.count <= 0 || model->geometries.count > MAXIMUM_GEOMETRIES_PER_MODEL ||
+		!model->geometries.address) return FALSE;
+	root = TAG_BLOCK_GET_ELEMENT(&model->nodes, 0, struct model_node);
+	/* Include every LOD/permutation. A one-node model has a fixed mesh in
+	 * root-node space; skeletal animation needs a different bounds policy. */
+	for (geometry_index = 0; geometry_index < model->geometries.count; ++geometry_index)
+	{
+		struct model_geometry const *geometry = TAG_BLOCK_GET_ELEMENT(&model->geometries, geometry_index, struct model_geometry);
+		long part_index;
+		if (geometry->parts.count < 0 || geometry->parts.count > MAXIMUM_PARTS_PER_MODEL_GEOMETRY ||
+			(geometry->parts.count && !geometry->parts.address)) return FALSE;
+		for (part_index = 0; part_index < geometry->parts.count; ++part_index)
+		{
+			struct model_geometry_part const *part = TAG_BLOCK_GET_ELEMENT(&geometry->parts, part_index, struct model_geometry_part);
+			struct vertex_buffer const *buffer = &part->vertex_buffer;
+			byte *vertices = NULL;
+			long stride, i;
+			boolean valid = TRUE;
+			if (TEST_FLAG(part->flags, _model_geometry_part_stripped_bit)) continue;
+			if (TEST_FLAG(part->flags, _model_geometry_part_local_nodes_bit) || !buffer->hardware_format || buffer->offset ||
+				buffer->count <= 0 || buffer->count > MAXIMUM_VERTICES_PER_MODEL_GEOMETRY_PART ||
+				(buffer->type != _rasterizer_vertex_type_model_compressed && buffer->type != _rasterizer_vertex_type_model_uncompressed)) return FALSE;
+			stride = rasterizer_geometry_get_vertex_size(buffer->type);
+			IDirect3DVertexBuffer8_Lock(buffer->hardware_format, 0, 0, &vertices, D3DLOCK_READONLY);
+			if (!vertices) valid = FALSE;
+			for (i = 0; valid && i < buffer->count; ++i)
+			{
+				real_point3d point;
+				real squared;
+				matrix4x3_transform_point(&root->runtime_default_inverse_matrix,
+					(real_point3d const *)(vertices + i * stride), &point);
+				squared = distance_squared3d(&point, center);
+				if (!(squared >= 0.0f && squared < FLT_MAX)) valid = FALSE;
+				else maximum_squared = MAX(maximum_squared, squared);
+			}
+			IDirect3DVertexBuffer8_Unlock(buffer->hardware_format);
+			if (!valid) return FALSE;
+			vertex_count += buffer->count;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!vertex_count) return FALSE;
+	/* Round outward so the extremal vertex stays inside the sphere. */
+	*radius = nextafterf(sqrtf(maximum_squared), FLT_MAX);
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+void models_fix_powerup_render_bounds(void)
+{
+	struct tag_iterator iterator;
+	long index;
+	tag_iterator_new(&iterator, EQUIPMENT_DEFINITION_TAG);
+	while ((index = tag_iterator_next(&iterator)) != NONE)
+	{
+		struct equipment_definition *equipment = equipment_definition_get(index);
+		real radius;
+		if ((equipment->equipment.powerup_type == _equipment_powerup_overshield ||
+			equipment->equipment.powerup_type == _equipment_powerup_active_camouflage) &&
+			equipment->object.model.index != NONE && equipment->object.animation_graph.index == NONE &&
+			model_rigid_render_radius(model_definition_get(equipment->object.model.index), &equipment->object.bounding_offset, &radius) &&
+			radius > equipment->object.render_bounding_radius)
+		{
+			/* Derived tag data only: leave physics, pickup radius and saves intact. */
+			equipment->object.render_bounding_radius = radius;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 void model_interpolate_node_orientations(
 	struct model const *model,
 	struct real_orientation *original_node_orientations,
diff --git a/source/models/models.h b/source/models/models.h
index 44c49396..d8445784 100644
--- a/source/models/models.h
+++ b/source/models/models.h
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ union real_vector3d;
 
 /* ---------- prototypes/MODELS.C */
 
+void models_fix_powerup_render_bounds(void);
+
 void model_interpolate_node_orientations(
 	struct model const *model,
 	struct real_orientation *original_node_orientations,
diff --git a/source/objects/objects.h b/source/objects/objects.h
index 20cf85ff..00e76414 100644
--- a/source/objects/objects.h
+++ b/source/objects/objects.h
@@ -529,6 +529,10 @@ __inline void object_get_render_bounding_sphere(
 
 	*center = object->object.bounding_sphere_center;
 	*radius = object_definition_get(object->definition_index)->object.render_bounding_radius;
+	/* Growing an object must grow its culling sphere. Preserve the existing
+	 * conservative sphere for scales at or below one. */
+	if (object->object.scale > 1.0f)
+		*radius *= object->object.scale;
 
 	return;
 }
diff --git a/tools/test_powerup_bounds.py b/tools/test_powerup_bounds.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..616b1d42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/test_powerup_bounds.py
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+"""Test production powerup bounds and frustum culling, without a game/profile.
+
+--map additionally measures both actual Xbox powerup meshes. Assets stay local.
+"""
+import argparse
+import re
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import struct
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import zlib
+ROOT=Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+
+def block(source, marker):
+    start = source.index(marker)
+    end = source.index('{', start) + 1
+    depth = 1
+    while depth:
+        depth += (source[end] == '{') - (source[end] == '}')
+        end += 1
+    return source[start:end]
+
+PRELUDE=r'''
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <float.h>
+typedef unsigned char byte,boolean;
+typedef unsigned short word;
+typedef float real;
+typedef union {struct {real x,y,z;};struct {real i,j,k;};real n[3];} real_point3d,real_vector3d;
+typedef struct {real i,j;} real_vector2d;
+typedef struct {real red,green,blue;} real_rgb_color;
+typedef struct {real i,j,k,w;} real_quaternion;
+typedef struct real_matrix4x3 {real scale;real_vector3d forward,left,up;real_point3d position;} real_matrix4x3;
+typedef struct {real_vector3d n;real d;} real_plane3d;
+typedef struct {real x0,x1,y0,y1,z0,z1;} real_rectangle3d;
+struct render_frustum {real_rectangle3d world_bounds;real_plane3d world_planes[6];};
+struct tag_block {long count;void *address,*definition;};
+struct tag_reference {unsigned long group_tag;char *name;long name_length,index;};
+struct tag_iterator {long absolute_index;};
+#define TRUE 1
+#define FALSE 0
+#define NONE -1
+#define FLAG(b) (1u<<(b))
+#define TEST_FLAG(f,b) (((f)&FLAG(b))!=0)
+#define MAX(a,b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b))
+#define TAG_STRING_LENGTH 31
+#define UNSIGNED_SHORT_MAX 65535
+#define TAG_BLOCK_GET_ELEMENT(b,i,t) ((t*)((byte*)(b)->address+(i)*sizeof(t)))
+#define D3DLOCK_READONLY 128
+#define CHECK(c) do{if(!(c)){fprintf(stderr,"FAIL %d: %s\n",__LINE__,#c);exit(1);}}while(0)
+#define match_assert(file,line,c) CHECK(c)
+#define OBJECTS_H_FILE "test"
+struct test_buffer {byte *data;};
+static void IDirect3DVertexBuffer8_Lock(void *b,int offset,int size,byte **data,int flags){*data=b&&((struct test_buffer*)b)->data?((struct test_buffer*)b)->data+offset:NULL;}
+static void IDirect3DVertexBuffer8_Unlock(void *b){}
+static long rasterizer_geometry_get_vertex_size(short type){return type==5?32:68;}
+'''
+HARNESS=r'''
+static struct model models[8];
+static struct equipment_definition equipment[8];
+static long equipment_count;
+#define equipment_definition_get(i) (equipment+(i))
+#define object_definition_get(i) ((struct object_definition*)(equipment+(i)))
+#define model_definition_get(i) (models+(i))
+static void tag_iterator_new(struct tag_iterator *i,long group){i->absolute_index=0;}
+static long tag_iterator_next(struct tag_iterator *i){return i->absolute_index<equipment_count?i->absolute_index++:NONE;}
+struct object_datum {long definition_index;struct {real_point3d bounding_sphere_center;real scale;} object;};
+static struct object_datum object;
+static struct object_datum *object_get(long i){return &object;}
+'''
+TESTS=r'''
+static struct model_node node;
+static struct model_geometry geometries[2];
+static struct model_geometry_part parts[2];
+static float vertices[2][3][17];
+static struct test_buffer buffers[2];
+static void initialize(void){
+ memset(equipment,0,sizeof(equipment));memset(models,0,sizeof(models));memset(&node,0,sizeof(node));
+ memset(geometries,0,sizeof(geometries));memset(parts,0,sizeof(parts));memset(vertices,0,sizeof(vertices));
+ node.runtime_default_inverse_matrix=(real_matrix4x3){.scale=1,.forward={.x=1},.left={.y=1},.up={.z=1},.position={.z=-.1f}};
+ for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
+  vertices[i][0][0]=.15f+i*.05f;vertices[i][0][2]=.15f;vertices[i][1][1]=-.15f;vertices[i][2][2]=.3f+i*.1f;
+  buffers[i].data=(byte*)vertices[i];parts[i].vertex_buffer=(struct vertex_buffer){4,0,3,0,NULL,buffers+i};
+  geometries[i].parts=(struct tag_block){1,parts+i,NULL};
+ }
+ models[0].nodes=(struct tag_block){1,&node,NULL};models[0].geometries=(struct tag_block){2,geometries,NULL};
+ equipment_count=3;
+ for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
+  equipment[i].object.bounding_radius=.1f;equipment[i].object.render_bounding_radius=i==2?10:.1f;
+  equipment[i].object.animation_graph.index=NONE;equipment[i].object.model.index=0;
+  equipment[i].equipment.powerup_type=i==1?_equipment_powerup_health:_equipment_powerup_overshield;
+ }
+}
+static void tests(void){
+ initialize();struct equipment_definition before[3];memcpy(before,equipment,sizeof(before));
+ models_fix_powerup_render_bounds();CHECK(equipment[0].object.render_bounding_radius>.3f);
+ before[0].object.render_bounding_radius=equipment[0].object.render_bounding_radius;CHECK(!memcmp(before,equipment,sizeof(before)));
+ real grown=equipment[0].object.render_bounding_radius;models_fix_powerup_render_bounds();CHECK(grown==equipment[0].object.render_bounding_radius);
+ /* Atomic fallback: a valid first LOD must not mask a bad later LOD. */
+ for(int c=0;c<14;c++){
+  initialize();switch(c){case 0:models[0].nodes.count=2;break;case 1:parts[1].vertex_buffer.type=0;break;
+  case 2:parts[1].vertex_buffer.hardware_format=NULL;break;case 3:parts[1].vertex_buffer.count=0;break;
+  case 4:parts[1].flags=2;break;case 5:vertices[1][0][0]=NAN;break;case 6:models[0].geometries.address=NULL;break;
+  case 7:equipment[0].object.model.index=NONE;equipment[2].object.model.index=NONE;break;
+  case 8:equipment[0].object.animation_graph.index=5;equipment[2].object.animation_graph.index=5;break;
+  case 9:parts[1].vertex_buffer.offset=1;break;case 10:buffers[1].data=NULL;break;case 11:models[0].nodes.address=NULL;break;case 12:node.runtime_default_inverse_matrix.scale=NAN;break;case 13:models[0].geometries.count=257;break;}
+  memcpy(before,equipment,sizeof(before));models_fix_powerup_render_bounds();CHECK(!memcmp(before,equipment,sizeof(before)));
+ }
+ initialize();equipment[0].object.bounding_offset=(real_point3d){.x=.3f,.z=.1f};
+ real radius;CHECK(model_rigid_render_radius(models,&equipment[0].object.bounding_offset,&radius));CHECK(radius>.39f);
+ parts[1].flags=1;CHECK(model_rigid_render_radius(models,&equipment[0].object.bounding_offset,&radius));
+ /* compressed and uncompressed vertices have identical positions */
+ float packed[3][8]={0};for(int i=0;i<3;i++)memcpy(packed[i],vertices[0][i],12);
+ parts[0].vertex_buffer.type=5;buffers[0].data=(byte*)packed;
+ CHECK(model_rigid_render_radius(models,&equipment[0].object.bounding_offset,&radius));
+ object.definition_index=0;object.object.bounding_sphere_center=(real_point3d){.x=3,.y=4,.z=5};
+ float scales[]={0,.1f,.5f,1,2,4};
+ for(int i=0;i<6;i++){real_point3d center;object.object.scale=scales[i];object_get_render_bounding_sphere(0,&center,&radius);
+ CHECK(!memcmp(&center,&object.object.bounding_sphere_center,sizeof(center)));
+ CHECK(radius==equipment[0].object.render_bounding_radius*(scales[i]>1?scales[i]:1));}
+ puts("PASS: all LODs, root transform/offset, both vertex formats, conservative/idempotent growth, 14 atomic fallback paths, scaled culling; only render radius changes");
+}
+static void frustum(struct render_frustum *f,float fov,float aspect){
+ float tv=tanf(fov*.5f),th=tv*aspect,h=1/sqrtf(1+th*th),v=1/sqrtf(1+tv*tv);
+ f->world_bounds=(real_rectangle3d){-100*th,100*th,-100*tv,100*tv,-100,0};
+ f->world_planes[0]=(real_plane3d){{.x=-h,.z=th*h},0};f->world_planes[1]=(real_plane3d){{.x=h,.z=th*h},0};
+ f->world_planes[2]=(real_plane3d){{.y=-v,.z=tv*v},0};f->world_planes[3]=(real_plane3d){{.y=v,.z=tv*v},0};
+ f->world_planes[4]=(real_plane3d){{.z=1},-.05f};f->world_planes[5]=(real_plane3d){{.z=-1},100};
+}
+static void sweeps(struct model *model,struct equipment_definition *definition){
+ real local_radius=definition->object.render_bounding_radius;int checks=0,legacy_failures=0,culled=0;
+ for(int size=0;size<4;size++)for(int fov=0;fov<3;fov++)for(int viewport=0;viewport<4;viewport++)for(int rotation=0;rotation<4;rotation++)for(int edge=0;edge<4;edge++)for(int step=-20;step<=20;step++){
+  float scales[]={.25f,1,2,4},fovs[]={.6f,1.2f,1.8f},aspects[]={16.f/9,4.f/3,32.f/9,8.f/9};
+  float scale=scales[size],depth=3,angle=rotation*.6f,tv=tanf(fovs[fov]*.5f),th=tv*aspects[viewport];
+  real_matrix4x3 world={.scale=scale,.forward={.x=cosf(angle),.z=sinf(angle)},.left={.y=1},.up={.x=-sinf(angle),.z=cosf(angle)},.position={.z=-depth}};
+  if(edge<2)world.position.x=(edge?1:-1)*(depth*th+step*.1f*local_radius*scale*sqrtf(1+th*th));
+  else world.position.y=(edge==3?1:-1)*(depth*tv+step*.1f*local_radius*scale*sqrtf(1+tv*tv));
+  struct render_frustum f;frustum(&f,fovs[fov],aspects[viewport]);
+  real_point3d center;matrix4x3_transform_point(&world,&definition->object.bounding_offset,&center);
+  object.definition_index=0;equipment[0]=*definition;object.object.scale=scale;object.object.bounding_sphere_center=center;
+  real radius;real_point3d queried;object_get_render_bounding_sphere(0,&queried,&radius);
+  int visible=render_frustum_sphere_visible(&f,&queried,radius),has_vertex=0;
+  for(int g=0;g<model->geometries.count;g++){
+   struct model_geometry *geo=TAG_BLOCK_GET_ELEMENT(&model->geometries,g,struct model_geometry);
+   for(int p=0;p<geo->parts.count;p++){
+    struct vertex_buffer *buffer=&TAG_BLOCK_GET_ELEMENT(&geo->parts,p,struct model_geometry_part)->vertex_buffer;
+    struct test_buffer *b=buffer->hardware_format;
+    for(int i=0;i<buffer->count;i++){
+     real_point3d root,point;matrix4x3_transform_point(&((struct model_node*)model->nodes.address)->runtime_default_inverse_matrix,(real_point3d*)(b->data+i*rasterizer_geometry_get_vertex_size(buffer->type)),&root);
+     matrix4x3_transform_point(&world,&root,&point);CHECK(distance_squared3d(&point,&center)<=radius*radius*1.00001f);
+     int inside=1;for(int plane=0;plane<6;plane++)inside&=plane3d_distance_to_point(&f.world_planes[plane],&point)<-.000001f;
+     has_vertex|=inside;
+    }
+   }
+  }
+  if(has_vertex){CHECK(visible);legacy_failures+=!render_frustum_sphere_visible(&f,&center,.1f);}
+  culled+=!visible;checks++;
+ }
+ CHECK(legacy_failures>0&&culled>0);printf("PASS: %d edge sweeps; %d premature legacy culls; mesh containment, four viewport ratios, rotations, FOVs and scales; fully offscreen culling retained\n",checks,legacy_failures);
+}
+static void asset_test(const char *path){
+ FILE *f=fopen(path,"rb");CHECK(f);unsigned int count;CHECK(fread(&count,4,1,f)==1&&count==2);
+ for(int entry=0;entry<count;entry++){
+  struct equipment_definition definition;CHECK(sizeof(definition)==800);CHECK(fread(&definition,sizeof(definition),1,f)==1);
+  struct model_node root={0};CHECK(fread(&root.runtime_default_inverse_matrix,52,1,f)==1);
+  struct model model={0};model.nodes=(struct tag_block){1,&root,NULL};unsigned int n;CHECK(fread(&n,4,1,f)==1);
+  struct model_geometry geometry={0};struct model_geometry_part *parts=calloc(n,sizeof(*parts));struct test_buffer *buffers=calloc(n,sizeof(*buffers));
+  geometry.parts=(struct tag_block){n,parts,NULL};model.geometries=(struct tag_block){1,&geometry,NULL};
+  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
+   unsigned int h[3];CHECK(fread(h,4,3,f)==3);parts[i].flags=h[0];parts[i].vertex_buffer=(struct vertex_buffer){h[1],0,h[2],0,NULL,buffers+i};
+   int stride=rasterizer_geometry_get_vertex_size(h[1]);buffers[i].data=malloc(stride*h[2]);CHECK(fread(buffers[i].data,stride,h[2],f)==h[2]);
+  }
+  real radius;CHECK(model_rigid_render_radius(&model,&definition.object.bounding_offset,&radius));
+  equipment_count=1;equipment[0]=definition;models[0]=model;equipment[0].object.model.index=0;
+  struct equipment_definition before=equipment[0];models_fix_powerup_render_bounds();CHECK(equipment[0].object.render_bounding_radius>.1f);
+  before.object.render_bounding_radius=equipment[0].object.render_bounding_radius;CHECK(!memcmp(&before,equipment,sizeof(before)));
+  definition.object.render_bounding_radius=equipment[0].object.render_bounding_radius;
+  printf("Actual powerup type %d: radius %.6f -> %.6f\n",definition.equipment.powerup_type,.1f,radius);sweeps(&model,&definition);
+  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)free(buffers[i].data);free(parts);free(buffers);
+ }
+ fclose(f);
+}
+int main(int argc,char **argv){tests();initialize();models_fix_powerup_render_bounds();struct equipment_definition def=equipment[0];sweeps(models,&def);if(argc>1)asset_test(argv[1]);return 0;}
+'''
+
+def fixture(path):
+    raw=path.read_bytes();data=raw if struct.unpack_from('<I',raw,8)[0]==len(raw) else raw[:2048]+zlib.decompressobj().decompress(raw[2048:])
+    u=lambda p:struct.unpack_from('<I',data,p)[0]
+    offset=u(16);base=u(offset)-36;off=lambda p:p-base+offset
+    tags={};powerups=[]
+    for i in range(u(offset+12)):
+        o=offset+36+32*i;tags[u(o+12)]=off(u(o+20))
+        if data[o:o+4]==b'piqe' and struct.unpack_from('<h',data,off(u(o+20))+776)[0] in (2,3):powerups.append(off(u(o+20)))
+    assert len(powerups)==2
+    result=struct.pack('<I',len(powerups))
+    for o in powerups:
+        model=tags[u(o+52)];assert u(model+184)==1
+        node=off(u(model+188));result+=data[o:o+800]+data[node+104:node+156]
+        parts=[]
+        for g in range(u(model+208)):
+            geo=off(u(model+212))+48*g
+            parts.extend(off(u(geo+40))+104*p for p in range(u(geo+36)))
+        result+=struct.pack('<I',len(parts))
+        for p in parts:
+            typ=struct.unpack_from('<h',data,p+84)[0];assert typ in (4,5)
+            n=u(p+88);start=off(u(off(u(p+100))+4));stride=32 if typ==5 else 68
+            result+=struct.pack('<III',u(p),typ,n)+data[start:start+stride*n]
+    return result
+
+def main():
+    parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__);parser.add_argument('--cc',default='clang');parser.add_argument('--map',type=Path);args=parser.parse_args()
+    read=lambda p:(ROOT/p).read_text()
+    model_source=read('source/models/models.c');mh=read('source/models/model_definitions.h');rh=read('source/rasterizer/rasterizer_geometry.h')
+    harness=re.sub(r'(?<!\.)\bequipment\b','test_equipment',HARNESS)
+    tests=re.sub(r'(?<!\.)\bequipment\b','test_equipment',TESTS)
+    unit=PRELUDE+block(mh,'enum\n{\n\tMODELS_GROUP_TAG')+';\n'+block(model_source,'enum\n{\n\t_model_geometry_part_stripped_bit')+';\n'+block(rh,'enum')+';\n'
+    for src,names in [(rh,['vertex_buffer','triangle_buffer']), (mh,['model_node','model']),
+                      (model_source,['model_geometry','model_geometry_part']),
+                      (read('source/objects/object_definitions.h'),['_object_definition','object_definition']),
+                      (read('source/items/item_definitions.h'),['_item_definition']),
+                      (read('source/items/equipment_definitions.h'),['_equipment_definition','equipment_definition'])]:
+        for name in names:unit+=block(src,'struct '+name+'\n')+';\n'
+    unit+=block(read('source/items/equipment_definitions.h'),'enum equipment_powerup_type')+';\n#define EQUIPMENT_DEFINITION_TAG 0\n'+harness
+    math=read('source/math/real_math.h')
+    for name in ['vector_from_points3d','magnitude_squared3d','distance_squared3d','dot_product3d','plane3d_distance_to_point']:
+        marker=('__inline real_vector3d *' if name=='vector_from_points3d' else '__inline real ')+name+'('
+        unit+=block(math,marker).replace('__inline','static inline')+'\n'
+    unit+=block(read('source/math/matrix_math.c'),'real_point3d *matrix4x3_transform_point(')+'\n'
+    unit+=block(model_source,'static boolean model_rigid_render_radius(')+'\n'+block(model_source,'void models_fix_powerup_render_bounds(')+'\n'
+    unit+=block(read('source/objects/objects.h'),'__inline void object_get_render_bounding_sphere(').replace('__inline','static')+'\n'
+    unit+=block(read('source/render/render_cameras.c'),'short render_frustum_sphere_visible(')+'\n'+tests
+    compiler=[args.cc,'-std=gnu11','-O2','-fuse-ld=lld']+(['--target=i686-pc-windows-msvc'] if sys.platform=='win32' else ['-m32','-lm'])
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix='halo-powerup-bounds-') as directory:
+        path=Path(directory);(path/'test.c').write_text(unit);command=[str(path/'test.exe')]
+        if args.map:(path/'asset.bin').write_bytes(fixture(args.map));command.append(str(path/'asset.bin'))
+        subprocess.run([*compiler,str(path/'test.c'),'-o',str(path/'test.exe')],check=True)
+        result=subprocess.run(command,check=True,timeout=45,capture_output=True,text=True)
+        print(result.stdout,end='')
+        assert 'PASS: all LODs' in result.stdout and 'edge sweeps' in result.stdout, result.stderr
+
+if __name__=='__main__':main()